Documents & Publications

The WRFDA group has published over 30 papers and technical manuals since its inception in 2003. In addition, there have been more than 100 papers published on research done using the WRFDA system. An incomplete list is provided below. If you used WRFDA in a peer-reviewed research paper and do not see it listed below, please or contact wrfhelp.

• WRFDA System Papers
• Technical Notes
• Peer-Reviewed Papers
• 2012
• 2011
• 2010
• 2009
• 2008
• 2007
• 2006
• 2005
• 2004
• Conference Proceedings
• Books

Barker, D. M., W. Huang, Y.-R. Guo, and Q. N. Xiao, 2004: A Three-Dimensional (3DVAR) Data Assimilation System For Use With MM5: Implementation and Initial Results. Mon. Wea. Rev., 132, 897–914.

Huang, X.-Y., Q. Xiao, D.M. Barker, X. Zhang, J. Michalakes, W. Huang, T. Henderson, J. Bray, Y. Chen, Z. Ma, J. Dudhia, Y. Guo, X. Zhang, D.-J. Won, H.-C. Lin, and Y.H. Kuo, 2009: Four-Dimensional Variational Data Assimilation for WRF: Formulation and Preliminary Results. Mon. Wea. Rev., 137, 299–314.

Barker, D., X.-Y. Huang, Z. Liu, T. Auligné, X. Zhang, S. Rugg, R. Ajjaji, A. Bourgeois, J. Bray, Y. Chen, M. Demirtas, Y.-R. Guo, T. Henderson, W. Huang, H.-C. Lin, J. Michalakes, S. Rizvi, and X. Zhang, 2012: The Weather Research and Forecasting Model's Community Variational/Ensemble Data Assimilation System: WRFDA. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 93, 831–843.

Gao, F., X. Zhang, N. A. Jacobs, X.-Y. Huang, X. Zhang, and P. P. Childs, 2012: Estimation of TAMDAR observational error and assimilation experiments. Wea. Forecasting, 27, 856–877.

Schwartz, C. S., Z. Liu, Y. Chen, and X.-Y. Huang, 2012: Impact of assimilating microwave radiances with a limited-area ensemble data assimilation system on forecasts of Typhoon Morakot. Wea. Forecasting, 27, 424–437.

Singh, R., C. M. Kishatawai, S. P. Ojha, and P. K. Pal, 2012: Impact of assimilation of Atmospheric InfraRed Sounder (AIRS) radiances and retrievals in the WRF 3D-Var assimilation system. J. Geophys. Res., 117, doi:10.1029/2011JD017367.

Zhang, L., Z. Pu, W.-C. Lee, and Q. Zhao, 2012: The influence of airborne Doppler radar data quality on numerical simulations of a tropical cyclone. Wea. Forecasting, 27, 231–239.

Berner, J., S.-Y. Ha, J. P. Hacker, A. Fournier, and C. Snyder, 2011: Model uncertainty in a mesoscale ensemble prediction system: stochastic versus multiphysics representations. Mon. Wea. Rev., 139, 1972–1995.

Chou, C.-B., and H.-P. Huang, 2011: The Impact of Assimilating Atmospheric Infrared Sounder Observation on the Forecast of Typhoon Tracks. Adv. Meteorol., 2011, doi:10.1155/2011/803593.

Chu, K., Q. Xiao, Z.-M. Tan, and J. Gu, 2011:A forecast sensitivity study on the intensity change of Typhoon Sinlaku (2008). J. Geophys. Res., 116, doi:10.1029/2011JD016127.

Govindankutty, M., and A. Chandrasekar, 2011: Impact of assimilation of ATOVS temperature and humidity and SSM/I total precipitable water on the simulation of a monsoon depression. Nat. Hazards, 59, doi:10.1007/s11069-011-9857-x.

Hines, K. M., D. H. Bromwich, L.-S. Bai, M. Barlage, and A. G. Slater, 2011: Development and testing of Polar WRF. part III: Arctic land. J. Climate, 24, 26–48.

Kumar, P., R. Singh, P. C. Joshi, and P. K. Pal, 2011:Impact of additional surface observation network on short range weather forecast during summer monsoon 2008 over Indian subcontinent. J. Earth Syst. Sci., 120, 53–64, doi:10.1007/s12040-011-0015-3.

Osuri, K. K., U. C. Mohanty, A. Routray, and M. Mohapatra, 2011:The impact of satellite-derived wind data assimilation on track, intensity and structure of tropical cyclones over the North Indian Ocean. Int. J. Remote Sens., 33, 1627–1652, doi:10.1080/01431161.2011.596849.

Potterjoy, J., and F. Zhang, 2011:Dynamics and structure of forecast error covariance in the core of a developing hurricane. J. Atmos. Sci., 68, 1586–1606.

Rakesh, V., and P. Goswami, 2011:Impact of background error statistics on forecasting of tropical cyclones over the north Indian Ocean. J. Geophys. Res., 116, doi:10.1029/2011JD015751.

Rakesh, V., and P. Goswami, 2011:Impact of background error statistics on 3D-Var assimilation: case study over the Indian region. Meteorol. Atmos. Phy., 112, 63–79, doi:10.1007/s00703-011-0128-x.

Schwitalla, T., H.-S. Bauer, V. Wulfmeyer, and F. Aoshima, 2011: High-resolution simulation over central Europe: assimilation experiments during COPS IOP 9c. Q. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 137, 156–175, doi:10.1002/qj.721.

Singh, R., C. M. Kishtawal, P. K. Pal, 2011:A comparison of the performance of Kalpana and HIRS water vapor radiances in the WRF 3D-Var assimilation system for mesoscale weather predictions. J. Geophys. Res., 116, doi:10.1029/2010JD014969.

Singh, R., C. M. Kishtawal, P. K. Pal, 2011:Use of Atmospheric Infrared Sounder clear-sky and cloud-cleared radiances in the Weather Research and Forecasting 3DVAR assimilation system for mesoscale weather predictions over the Indian region. J. Geophys. Res., 116, doi:10.1029/2011JD016379.

Singh, R., C. M. Kishtawal, P. K. Pal, and P. C. Joshi, 2011:Assimilation of the multisatellite data into the WRF model for track and intensity simulation of the Indian Ocean tropical cyclones. Meteorol. Atmos. Phy., 111, 103–119, doi:10.1007/s00703-011-0127-y.

Singh, R., C. M. Kishtawal, P. K. Pal, and P. C. Joshi, 2011:Improved tropical cyclone forecasts over north Indian Ocean with direct assimilation of AMSU-A radiances. Meteorol. Atmos. Phy., 115, 15–34, doi:10.1007/s00703-011-0165-5.

Sippel, J. A., S. A. Braun, and C.-L. Shie, 2011:Environmental influences on the strength of Tropical Storm Debby (2006). J. Atmos. Sci., 68, 2557–2581.

Wenying, H., Z. Liu, and H. Chen, 2011:Influence of surface temperature and emissivity on AMSU-A assimilation over land. Acta Meteorol. Sin., 25, 545–557, doi:10.1007/s13351-011-0501-1.

Yann, M., T. Auligné, and T. Montmerle, 2011:Heterogeneous convective-scale background error covariances with the inclusion of hydrometeor variables. Mon. Wea. Rev., 139, 2994–3015.

Ying, Z., X. Tie, S. Madronich, G. Li, and S. Massie, 2011:Simulation of regional dust and its effect on photochemistry in the Mexico City area during MILAGRO experiment. Atmos. Environ., 45, 2549–2558, doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.02.018.

Zhang, F., Y. Weng, J. F. Gamache, and F. D. Marks, 2011:Performance of convection-permitting hurricane initialization and prediction during 2008–2010 with ensemble data assimilation of inner-core airborne Doppler radar observations. Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, doi:10.1029/2011GL048469.

Zhang, L., and Z. Pu, 2011:Four-dimensional assimilation of multitime wind profiles over a single station and numerical simulation of a mesoscale convective system observed during IHOP_2002. Mon. Wea. Rev., 139, 3369–3388.

Zhang, M., F. Zhang, X.-Y. Huang, and X. Zhang, 2011:Intercomparison of an Ensemble Kalman Filter with Three- and Four-Dimensional Variational Data Assimilation Methods in a Limited-Area Model over the Month of June 2003. Mon. Wea. Rev., 139, 566–572.

Clark, A. J., W. A. Gallus, and M. L. Weisman, 2010: Neighborhood-based verification of precipitation forecasts from convection-allowing NCAR WRF model simulations and the operational NAM. Wea. Forecasting, 25, 1495–1509.

Deb, S. K., C. M. Kishtawal, and P. K. Pal, 2010:Impact of Kalpana-1-derived water vapor winds on Indian Ocean tropical cyclone forecasts. Mon. Wea. Rev., 138, 987–1003.

Govindankutty, M., and A. Chandrasekar, 2010:Effect of 3DVAR assimilation of MODIS temperature and humidity profiles on the dynamic and thermodynamic features of three monsoon depressions over the Bay of Bengal. Meteorol. Atmos. Phy., 107, 65–79, doi:10.1007/s00703-010-0069-9.

Hsiao, L.-F., C.-S. Liou, T.-C. Yeh, Y.-R. Guo, D.-S. Chen, K.-N. Huang, C.-T. Terng, and J.-H. Chen, 2010:A Vortex Relocation Scheme for Tropical Cyclone Initialization in Advanced Research WRF. Mon. Wea. Rev., 138, 3298–3315.

Jung, B.-J., H. M. Kim, Y.-H. Kim, E.-H. Jeon, and K.-H. Kim, 2010: Observation system experiments for Typhoon Jangmi (200815) observed during T-PARC. Asia-Pac. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 305–316, doi:10.1007/s13143-010-1007-y.

Karan, H., P. J. Fitzpatrick, C. M. Hill, Y. Li, Q. Xiao, and E. Lim, 2010:The formation of multiple squall lines and the impacts of WSR-88D radial winds in a WRF simulation. Wea. Forecasting, 25, 242–262.

Lee, D.-K, D.-Y. Eom, J.-W. Kim, and J.-B. Lee, 2010: High-resolution summer rainfall prediction in the JHWC real-time WRF system. Asia-Pac. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 341–353, doi:10.1007/s13143-010-1003-2.

Lee, J.-H., H.-H. Lee, Y. Choi, H.-W. Kim, and D.-K. Lee, 2010: Radar data assimilation for the simulation of mesoscale convective systems. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 27, 1025–1042, doi:10.1007/s00376-010-9162-8.

Li, X., and J. R. Mecikalski, 2010:Assimilation of the dual-polarization Doppler radar data for a convective storm with a warm-rain radar forward operator. J. Geophys. Res., 115, doi:10.1029/2009JD013666.

Park, S.-Y., H.-W. Lee, D.-H. Kim, and S.-H. Lee, 2010: Numerical study on wind resources and forecast around coastal area applying inhomogeneous data to variational data assimilation. J. Env. Sci, 19, 983–999, doi:10.5322/JES.2010.19.8.983.

Park, S.-Y., H.-W. Lee, S.-H. Lee, and D.-H. Kim, 2010: Impact of wind profiler data assimilation on wind field assessment over coastal areas. Asian J. Atmos. Environ., 4, 198–210, doi:10.5572/ajae.2010.4.3.198.

Pu, Z., and L. Zhang, 2010:Validation of Atmospheric Infrared Sounder temperature and moisture profiles over tropical oceans and their impact on numerical simulations of tropical cyclones. J. Geophys. Res., 115, doi:10.1029/2010JD014258.

Routray, A., U. C. Mohanty, D. Niyogi, S. R. H. Rizvi, and K. K. Osuri, 2010: Simulation of heavy rainfall events over Indian monsoon region using WRF-3DVAR data assimilation system. Meteorol. Atmos. Phy., 106, 107–125, doi:10.1007/s00703-009-0054-3.

Routray, A., U. C. Mohanty, S. R. H. Rizvi, D. Niyogi, K. K. Osuri, and D. Pradhan, 2010: Impact of Doppler weather radar data on numerical forecast of Indian monsoon depressions. Q. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 136, 1836–1850, doi:10.1002/qj.678.

Singh, R., P. K. Pal, and P. C. Joshi, 2010:Assimilation of Kalpana very high resolution radiometer water vapor channel radiances into a mesoscale model. J. Geophys. Res., 115, doi:10.1029/2010JD014027.

Taylor, M. and A. Fournier, 2010: A compatible and conservative spectral element method on unstructured grids. J. Comp. Phys., 229, 5879–5895, doi:10.1016/j.jcp.2010.04.008.

Torn, R. D., 2010:Ensemble-Based Sensitivity Analysis Applied to African Easterly Waves. Wea. Forecasting, 25, 61–78.

Torn, R. D., 2010:Performance of a mesoscale ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) during the NOAA High-Resolution Hurricane test. Mon. Wea. Rev., 138, 4375–4392.

Wu, C.-C. G.-Y. Lien, J.-H. Chen, and F. Zhang, 2010:Assimilation of tropical cyclone track and structure based on the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF). J. Atmos. Sci., 67, 3806–3822.

Xie, L., B. Liu, and S. Peng, 2010:Application of scale-selective data assimilation to tropical cyclone track simulation. J. Geophys. Res., 115, doi:10.1029/2009JD013471.

Zhang, L., and Z. Pu, 2010: An Observing System Simulation Experiment (OSSE) to Assess the Impact of Doppler Wind Lidar (DWL) Measurements on the Numerical Simulation of a Tropical Cyclone. Adv. Meteorol., 2010, doi:10.1155/2010/743863.

Nakano, T., N. Hashimoto, K. Uehara, K. Matsuura, and K. Kawaguchi, 2009: Improvement of the precision of hindcasted coastal sea surface wind by 3DVAR at extratropical cyclone. J. Jpn. Soc. Civ. Eng., 65, 446–450, doi:10.2208/kaigan.65.446.

Peng, S.-Q., X.-D. Xu, X.-H. Shi, D.-X. Wang, Y.-X. Zhu, and J.-J. Pu, 2009: The early-warning effects of assimilation of the observations over the large-scale slope of the “World Roof” on its downstream weather forecasting. Chinese Sci. Bull., 54, 706–710, doi:10.1007/s11434-008-0560-6.

Pu, Z., X. Li, and J. Sun, 2009: Impact of airborne Doppler radar data assimilation on the numerical simulation of intensity changes of Hurricane Dennis near a landfall. J. Atmos. Sci., 66, 3351–3365.

Rakesh, V., R. Singh, and P. C. Joshi, 2009: Intercomparison of the performance of MM5/WRF with and without satellite data assimilation in short-range forecast applications over the Indian region. Meteorol. Atmos. Phy., 105, 133–155, doi:10.1007/s00703-009-0038-3.

Rakesh, V., R. Singh, P. K. Pal, and P. C. Joshi, 2009: Impacts of satellite-observed winds and total precipitable water on WRF short-range forecasts over the Indian region during the 2006 summer monsoon. Wea. Forecasting, 24, 1706–1731.

Reinecke, P. A., and D. R. Durran, 2009: Initial-condition sensitivities and the predictability of downslope winds. J. Atmos. Sci., 66, 3401–3418.

Sugimoto, S., N. A. Crook, J. Sun, Q. Xiao, and D. M. Barker, 2009: An examination of WRF 3DVAR radar data assimilation on its cCapability in retrieving unobserved variables and forecasting precipitation through observing system simulation experiments. Mon. Wea. Rev., 137, 4011–4029.

Sun, D., W. K. M. Lau, M. Kafotos, Z. Boybeyi, G. Leptoukh, C. Yang, and R. Yang, 2009: Numerical simulations of the impacts of the Saharan air layer on Atlantic tropical cyclone development. J. Climate, 22, 6230–6250.

Torn, R. D., and G. J. Hakim, 2009: Ensemble data assimilation applied to RAINEX observations of Hurricane Katrina (2005). Mon. Wea. Rev., 137, 2817–2829.

Torn, R. D., and G. J. Hakim, 2009: Initial condition sensitivity of western pacific extratropical transitions determined using ensemble-based sensitivity analysis. Mon. Wea. Rev., 137, 3388–3406.

Tsunematsu, N., H. Kusaka, and M. Yasui, 2009: Observing systems simulation experiments on abnormally high surface air temperatures in the Tokyo metropolitan area using WRF-VAR. Sci. Onl. Let. Atm., 5, 49–52, doi:10.2151/sola.2009-013.

Xiao, Q., L. Chen, and X. Zhang, 2009: Evaluations of BDA scheme using the Advanced Research WRF (ARW) model. J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol., 48, 680–689.

Xiao, Q., X. Zhang, C. Davis, J, Tuttle, G. Holland, and P. J. Fitzpatrick, 2009: Experiments of hurricane initialization with airborne Doppler radar data for the Advanced Research Hurricane WRF (AHW) model. Mon. Wea. Rev., 137, 2758–2777.

Zhang, F., Y. Weng, J. A. Sippel, Z. Meng, and C. H. Bishop, 2009: Cloud-resolving hurricane initialization and prediction through assimilation of Doppler radar observations with an ensemble Kalman filter. Mon. Wea. Rev., 137, 2105–2125.

Chen, S.-H., Z. Zhao, J. S. Haase, A. Chen, and F. Vandenberghe, 2008: A study of the characteristics and assimilation of retrieved MODIS total precipitable water data in severe weather simulations. Mon. Wea. Rev., 136, 3608–3628.

Meng, Z., and F. Zhang, 2008: Tests of an ensemble Kalman filter for mesoscale and regional-scale data assimilation. Part III: Comparison with 3DVAR in a real-data case study. Mon. Wea. Rev., 136, 522–540.

Wang, X., D. M. Barker, C. Snyder, and T. M. Hamill, 2008: A hybrid ETKF–3DVAR data assimilation scheme for the WRF model. Part I: Observing system simulation experiment. Mon. Wea. Rev., 136, 5116–5131.

Wang, X., D. M. Barker, C. Snyder, and T. M. Hamill, 2008: A Hybrid ETKF–3DVAR Data Assimilation Scheme for the WRF Model. Part II: Real Observation Experiments. Mon. Wea. Rev., 136, 5132–5147.

Xiao, Q., Y.-H. Kuo, Z. Ma, W. Huang, X.-Y. Huang, X. Zhang, D. M. Barker, J. Michalakes, and J. Dudhia, 2008: Application of an adiabatic WRF adjoint to the investigation of the May 2004 McMurdo, Antarctica, severe wind event. Mon. Wea. Rev., 136, 3696–3713.

Xiao, Q., J. Sun, W.-C. Lee, Y.-H. Kuo, D. M. Barker, E. Lim, D.-J. Won, M.-S. Lee, W.-J. Lee, J.-Y. Cho, D.-K. Lee, and H.-S. Lee, 2008: Doppler radar data assimilation in KMA's operational forecasting. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 89, 39–43.

Chen, S.-H., 2007: The impact of assimilating SSM/I and QuikSCAT satellite winds on Hurricane Isidore simulations. Mon. Wea. Rev., 135, 549–566.

Powers, J. G., 2007: Numerical prediction of an Antarctic severe wind event with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. Mon. Wea. Rev., 135, 3134–3157.

Xiao, Q., Y.-H. Kuo, J. Sun, W.-C. Lee, D. M. Barker, and E. Lim, 2007: An approach of radar reflectivity data assimilation and its assessment with the inland QPF of Typhoon Rusa (2002) at landfall. J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol., 46, 14–22.

Xiao, Q., and J. Sun, 2007: Multiple-radar data assimilation and short-range quantitative precipitation forecasting of a squall line observed during IHOP_2002. Mon. Wea. Rev., 135, 3381–3404.

Cucurull, L., Y.-H. Kuo, D. Barker, and S. R. H. Rizvi, 2006: Assessing the impact of simulated COSMIC GPS radio occultation data on weather analysis over the Antarctic: A case study. Mon. Wea. Rev., 134, 3283–3296.

Faccani, C. and R. Ferretti, 2006: Data assimilation of high-density observations. I: Impact on initial conditions for the MAP/SOP IOP2b. Q. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 131, 21–42, doi:10.1256/qj.03.56A.

Faccani, C. and R. Ferretti, 2006: Data assimilation of high-density observations. II: Impact on the forecast of the precipitation for the MAP/SOP IOP2b. Q. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 131, 43–61, doi:10.1256/qj.03.56B.

Lee, M.-S, D. M. Barker, and Y.-H. Kuo, 2006: Background Error Statistics using WRF Ensembles Generated by Randomized Control Variables. J. Korean Meteor. Soc., 42, 153–167.

Lee, M.-S., Y.-H. Kuo, D. M. Barker, and E. Lim, 2006: Incremental analysis updates initialization technique applied to 10-km MM5 and MM5 3DVAR. Mon. Wea. Rev., 134, 1389–1404.

Xiao, Q., Y.-H. Kuo, Y. Zhang, D. M. Barker, and D.-J. Won, 2006: A tropical cyclone bogus data assimilation scheme in the MM5 3D-Var system and numerical experiments with Typhoon Rusa (2002) near landfall. J. Meteor. Soc. Jpn., 84, 674–689.

Barker, D. M., 2005: Southern High-Latitude Ensemble Data Assimilation in the Antarctic Mesoscale Prediction System. Mon. Wea. Rev., 133, 3431–3449.

Gu, J., Q. Xiao, Y.-H. Kuo, D. M. Barker, J. Xue, and X. Ma, 2005: Assimilation and Simulation of Typhoon Rusa (2002) Using the WRF System. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 22, 415–427.

Guo, Y.-R., H. Kusaka, D. M. Barker, Y.-H. Kuo, and A. Crook, 2005: Impact of ground-based GPS PW and MM5-3DVar background error statistics on forecast of a convective case. Sci. Onl. Let. Atm., 1, 73–76, doi:10.2151/sola.2005-020.

Huang, C.-Y., Y.-H. Kuo, S.-H. Chen, and F. Vandenberghe, 2005: Improvements in typhoon forecasts with assimilated GPS occultation refractivity. Wea. Forecasting, 20, 931–953.

Lee, M.-S., and D. M. Barker, 2005: Preliminary tests of First Guess at Appropriate Time (FGAT) with WRF 3DVAR and WRF model. J. Kor. Met. Soc., 41, 495–505.

Xiao, Q., Y.-H. Kuo, J. Sun, W.-C. Lee, E. Lim, Y.-R. Guo, and D. M. Barker, 2005: Assimilation of Doppler radar observations with a regional 3DVAR System: Impact of Doppler velocities on forecasts of a heavy rainfall case. J. Appl. Meteor., 44, 768–788.

Chen, S.-H., F. Vandenberghe, G. W. Petty, and J. F. Bresch, 2004: Application of SSM/I Satellite Data to a Hurricane Simulation. Q. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 130, 801–825, doi:10.1256/qj.02.67.

Cucurull, L., F. Vandenberghe, D. Barker, E. Vilaclara, and A. Ruis, 2004: Three-dimensional variational data assimilation of ground-based GPS ZTD and meteorological observations during the 14 December 2001 storm event over the western Mediterranean Sea. Mon. Wea. Rev., 132, 763–763.

Books:

Lynch, P. and X.-Y. Huang, 2010: Initialization. Data Assimilation: Making sense of observations, W. Lahoz, B. Khattatov and R. Menard, Eds., Springer, 241–262.